Square-free values of \(f(p)\), \(f\) cubic (Q483619)

An integer is said to be square-free if it not divisible by the square \(d^2\) of any integer \(d\) greater than \(1\). The problem is considered on square-free numbers of the form \(f(p)\), \(p\) prime, in the case of a cubic polynomial \(f\). The following statement is the main result in the paper. Let \(f\in \mathbb{Z}[x]\) be a cubic polynomial without repeated roots. Then, the number of prime numbers \(p\leq n\) such that \(f(p)\) is square-free is \[ (1+o_f(1))\,\frac{n}{\log n}\prod\limits_{q \;\text{prime}}\left(1-\frac{\varrho_f(q^2)}{\varphi(q^2)}\right)+O(1). \] Here \(o_f(1)\) is a quantity that goes to zero as \(n\) tends to infinity at a rate that may depend on \(f\), \(O(1)\) is an absolute constant, \(\varphi\) is the Euler's totient function and \(\varrho_f(q^2)\) is the number of solutions of congruence \(f(x)\equiv\text{{mod}}\,q^2\) in \((\mathbb{Z}/q^2\mathbb{Z})^*\).