Gaussian distribution for the divisor function and Hecke eigenvalues in arithmetic progressions (Q484267)

The authors show that one can determine an asymptotic distribution for the classical divisor function \(d(n)\) for \(n\leq X\) in arithmetic progressions modulo a prime \(p\), provided that \(X\) is a bit smaller than \(p^2\). More generally: 1) they consider in addition to the divisor function, the Fourier coefficients of any classical primitive holomorphic modular form \(f\) of level 1; 2) they compute the moments of corresponding random variables and, for a fixed moment, obtain a meaningful asymptotic in a wider range of \(X\) and \(p\); 3) they consider also the joint distribution of \(a\to (E_d(X,p,a)\), \(E_d(X,p,\gamma(a))\) when \(\gamma\) is a fixed projective linear transformation. A crucial ingredient in the proofs is Voronoi's summation formula and the Riemann hypothesis over finite fields, in the form of results of independence of monodromy groups of sheaves related to Kloosterman sums. The exact statement of results are however, too complicated to be presented here.