Smooth Fourier multipliers on group von Neumann algebras (Q484471)

Let \(G\) be a discrete group with left regular representation \(\lambda : G \to \mathcal B(\ell_2(G))\) given by \(\lambda(g)\varphi(x) = \varphi(g^{-1}x)\) for every \(f\in \ell_x(G)\). The weak linear closure of \(\lambda(G)\) is the group von Neumann algebra of \(G\). For a given \(f\in \mathcal L(G)\), the normalized trace is defined as \(\tau_G(f) = \langle \delta_e, f\delta_e\rangle\) where \(\delta_e\) is the delta-function of Dirac at the identity element \(e\) of \(G\). The Fourier series of \(f\) is defined as \[ \sum_{g\in G} \hat{f}(g) \lambda(g), \text{ where } \hat{f}(g) = \tau_G(f\lambda (g^{-1}), \text{ therefore } \tau_G(f) = \hat{f}(e). \] An noncommutative \(L_p\) space is the measure space \(L_p(\hat{G}) = L_p(\mathcal L(G), \tau_G)\), endowed with the norm \[ ||f||_p = ||\sum_g \hat{f}(g)\lambda(g)||_p = \left(\tau_G(|\sum_g \hat{f}(g)\lambda(g)|^p \right)^{1/p}, \] where \(\hat{\mathbb G}\) is the dual group of \(G\). Let \(\alpha : G \to O(\mathcal H)\) be an affine representation of \(G\) in a real Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\) and \(b: G \to \mathcal H\) be a cocycle, i.e. a function with property \(b(gh) = \alpha_g(b(h)) + b(g)\). The function \(\psi(g) := \langle b(g),b(g)\rangle\) vanishes at the identity \(e\), and is symmetric \(\psi(g) = \psi(g^{-1})\) and conditionally negative, i.e. \(\sum \bar{\beta}_g\beta_h \psi(g^{-1}h) \leq 0\) if \(\sum_g \beta_g = 0\). Any such function defines an affine representation \((\mathcal H_\psi, \alpha_\psi, b_\psi)\) and \(\psi(g) = \langle b_\psi(g), b_\psi(g) \rangle_{\mathcal H_\psi}\). The main result of the paper is a slight generalization of the Hörmander-Mikhlin smoothness conditions for \(G=\mathbb R^n\) to an arbitrary discrete group \(G\), equipped with a length function \(\psi: G \to \mathbb R_+\), satisfying the length condition \(\sum_g \beta(g) = 0\) and \(\dim \mathcal H_\psi < \infty\). Then for any function \(m: G \to \mathbb C\) such that there exists \(\varepsilon > 0\) and a function \(\tilde{m}: \mathcal H_\psi \to \mathbb C\) satisfying the Hörmander-Mikhlin smoothness condition \[ |\partial_\xi^\beta\tilde{m}(\xi)| \succeq \min \left\{|\xi|^{-|\beta|+\varepsilon}, |\xi|^{ -|\beta|-\varepsilon} \right\}, \forall |\beta| \leq \left[\frac{n}{2}\right] + 1, \] the operator \(T_m : L_p(\hat{\mathbb G}) \to L_p(\hat{\mathbb G})\) defined by \(T_m : \sum_g \hat{f}(g)\lambda(g) \to \sum_g m_g\hat{f}(g)\lambda(g)\) is a continuously bounded multiplier for all \(1<p<\infty\). The authors also deduce ``Littlewood-Paley type inequalities in group von Neumann algebras, prove \(L_p\) estimates for noncommutative Riesz transform and characterize \(L_\infty \to\mathrm{BMO}\) boundedness for radial Fourier multipliers\dots and a noncommutative generalization of Calderon-Zygmund theory''.