On the Griffiths groups of Fano manifolds of Calabi-Yau Hodge type (Q484744)

The \(p\)-th Griffiths group \(\mathrm{Griff}^p(X)\) of an algebraic variety \(X\) is the group of codim \(p\)-cycles homologically equivalent to \(0\) modulo algebraic equivalence. Griffiths first showed that for a general quintic 3-fold, \(\mathrm{Griff}^2(X)\neq 0\) and has a non-torsion element. Clemens further showed that for a generic quintic 3-fold \(X\), \(\mathrm{Griff}^2(X)\) is not finitely generated by constructing countably many rigid rational curves on \(X\) [\textit{H. Clemens}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 58, 231--250 (1983; Zbl 0529.14002)]. Voisin recovered Clemens' result by providing a general way for both producing non-trivial algebraic cycles and showing that they are linearly independent in the rational Griffiths group [\textit{C. Voisin}, J. Algebr. Geom. 1, No. 1, 157--174 (1992; Zbl 0787.14003)]. This general philosophy led to her more general result that \(\mathrm{Griff}^2(X)\) is not finitely generated for any general non-rigid Calabi-Yau 3-fold [\textit{C. Voisin}, Duke Math. J. 102, No. 1, 151--186 (2000; Zbl 0995.14013)]. Utilizing the method in [Zbl 0787.14003], \textit{A. Albano} and \textit{A. Collino} [Math. Ann. 299, No. 4, 715--726 (1994; Zbl 0803.14022)] proved that a general cubic 7-fold \(X_3\) has infinitely generated \(\mathrm{Griff}^3(X_3)\). Even though \(X_3\) is a Fano 7-fold as opposed to a Calabi-Yau 3-fold, it has a variation of Hodge structure similar to that of a non-rigid Calabi-Yau 3-fold. Indeed, \(X_3\) was regarded in the physics literature as a mirror of a rigid CY 3-fold [\textit{P. Candelas, G. Horowitz, A. Strominger} and \textit{E. Witten}, Nucl. Phys. B 258, 46--74 (1985)]. A natural problem is to study the Griffiths groups of other Fano manifolds of CY type, i.e. Fano manifolds with a VHS similar to that of a CY 3-fold. Smooth Fano manifolds of CY type realized as complete intersections in weighted projective spaces are classified as (1) smooth cubic 7-folds \(X_3\subset \mathbb P ^8\), (2) smooth hypersurfaces of degree 4 in \(\mathbb P ^6(1^6; 2)\), and (3) smooth complete intersections \(X_{2,3}\subset \mathbb P ^7\) of a quadric and a cubic. This paper has two goals. First, the authors apply Voisin's method in [Zbl 0787.14003] to settle the two remaining cases and conclude that the rational Griffiths group is infinitely generated for all of the cases above. In addition, the authors categorify the Hodge theoretic comparisons between Fano CYs and CY 3-folds, by comparing the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on these Fano CYs to that of 3-dimensional CY categories (i.e. 3-dimensional CY noncommutative spaces). More explicitly, the authors extend the notion of Griffiths groups to certain types of noncommutative spaces and prove the following main theorem. \noindent {Theorem 1.1.} Suppose \(X\) is a smooth Fano CY complete intersection in a weighted projective space. There is a noncommutative space \(\mathcal A\) and an isomorphism of rational Griffiths groups \(\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(X)=\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(\mathcal A).\) If \(X\) is sufficiently general, then \(\mathrm{Griff} _{\mathbb Q}(X)=\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(\mathcal A)\) is a countably infinite vector space over \(\mathbb Q\). Furthermore, when \(X\) is a cubic 7-fold or a hypersurface of degree 4 in \(\mathbb P ^6(1^6; 2)\), \(\mathcal A\) is a 3-dimensional CY. If \(X\) is a smooth complete intersection in \(\mathbb P ^7\) of a quadric and a cubic, there is another 3-dimensional CY noncommutative space \(\mathcal B\) which is a localization of \(\mathcal A\) and \(\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(X)=\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(\mathcal A)\) surjects onto \(\mathrm{Griff}_{\mathbb Q}(\mathcal B).\) For certain families, the noncommutative CY 3-folds appearing in the theorem can be related back to algebraic varieties with trivial canonical class by utilizing the categorical covering picture from [\textit{M. Ballard, D. Favero} and \textit{L. Katzarkov}, ``A category of kernels for graded matrix factorizations and its implications for Hodge theory'', \url{arXiv:1105.3177}].