Eigenvalues of congruence covers of geometrically finite hyperbolic manifolds (Q490747)

In this paper, the author deals with the growth of the number of discrete eigenvalues of Laplacian on congruence covers of a fixed hyperbolic manifold. Let \(G\) be the identity component of \(\mathrm{SO}(n,1)\) which can be considered as the group of orientation-preserving isometrics of the real hyperbolic space \(\mathbb H^n\). Let \(G\) be defined over \(\mathbb Q\) via a \(\mathbb Q\)-embedding \(G \to GL_N\) for some positive integer \(N\). Let \(\Gamma\) be a subgroup of \(G \cap \mathrm{GL}_N(\mathbb Z)\) which is torsion-free, geometrically finite, and Zariski dense in \(G\). Fixing a positive integer \(q\), let \(\Gamma(q)\) be the \(q\)-th principal congruence subgroup of \(\Gamma\) given by \(\Gamma(q) = \{\gamma \in \Gamma:\gamma \equiv e\mod q\}\). For a fixed \(0<\lambda_0<\frac{(n-1)^2}{4}\), denote by \(\mathcal{N}(\lambda_0, \Gamma(q))\) the number of eigenvalues of Laplacian on \(\mathbb H^n/\Gamma(q)\) contained in the interval \([0, \lambda_0]\), counted with multiplicities. The author proves that there exists \(\eta >0\) such that for any \(0< \lambda_0 <\frac{(n-1)^2}{4}\), \[ \mathcal{N}(\lambda_0, \Gamma(q)) \ll [\Gamma: \Gamma(q)]^{\frac{\delta-s_0}{\eta}} \] for any prime \(q\). Here \(\delta\) is the critical exponent of \(\Gamma\), and \(\frac{n-1}{2} <s_0 < n-1\) satisfying \(\lambda_0 = s_0(n-1-s_0)\). Since \(\Gamma(q)\) is a normal subgroup of \(\Gamma\) of finite index, the limit set of \(\Gamma(q)\) is equal to the limit set of \(\Gamma\), and hence \[ \frac{\mathrm{Vol}(\mathcal{C}(\mathbb H^n/\Gamma(q)))} {\mathrm{Vol}(\mathcal{C}(\mathbb H^n/\Gamma(q)))}=[\Gamma:\Gamma(q)]. \] Here \(\mathcal{C}\) denotes the convex core. Therefore, the main result implies the following stronger upper bound for congruence coverings of an arithmetic manifold \(\mathbb H^n/\Gamma\) of infinite volume: As \(q \to \infty\) along primes, \[ \mathcal{N}(\lambda_0, \Gamma(q)) \ll \mathrm{Vol}(\mathcal{C}(\mathbb H^n/\Gamma(q)))^{\frac{\delta-s_0}{\eta}}. \]