Universal inequalities for eigenvalues of a system of sub-elliptic equations on Heisenberg group (Q493159)

The authors study the universal inequality for the eigenvalues of the boundary value problem \[ \;\Delta_{\mathbb H^n}({u})+\alpha\nabla_{\mathbb H^n}\big(\text{div}_{\mathbb H^n}({u})\big)=-\lambda{u}\text{ in }\Omega,\quad u=0\text{ on } \partial\Omega,\leqno{(*)} \] such that \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in the \((2n+1)\)-dimensional Heisenberg group \(\mathbb H^n\) and \(\partial \Omega\) is the boundary of \(\Omega\). Here, \({u}\) belongs to \(C^\infty(\Omega,H\mathbb H^n)\), the space of sections of \(H\mathbb H^n\), that is, the space of \(\mathbb R^{2n+1}\)-valued smooth maps on \(\Omega\). The expression \(\text{div}_{\mathbb H^n}(\cdot)\) stands for the horizontal divergence on \(C^\infty(\Omega,H\mathbb H^n)\) and \(\nabla_{\mathbb H^n}\) is the horizontal gradient. As regards \(\Delta_{\mathbb H^n}\), it denotes the vector-valued Kohn Laplacian operator, i.e., each component is given by \(\sum_{l=1}^n(X_l^2+Y_l^2)\), where the family \((X_l,Y_l)_{1\leq l\leq n}\) constitutes a basis of vector fields in \(H\mathbb H^n\), and \((\alpha,\lambda)\) is a couple of real numbers. More precisely, the authors show that for \((\lambda_l)_{1\leq l \leq k+1}\), a finite number of eigenvalues of \((*)\), the quotient of \(\sum_{l=1}^k(\lambda_{k+1}-\lambda_l)^2\) and \(\sum_{l=1}^k(\lambda_{k+1}-\lambda_l)\lambda_l\) is bounded by an explicit constant depending on \(n,\alpha\) (Theorem 1.1). The proof is based on the use of a few computations.