No label defined (Q4934050)

This paper is an account of some interesting results from the vast amount of work by Stuart Scott, most of it as yet unpublished, but which has been made available by him to many colleagues, including the reviewer. In the left near-ring \(N\), the right ideal \(Q(N)\) is the sum of all nilpotent right ideals. \(Q(N)\) is nil, but not necessrily nilpotent; but with \(\text{DCC}N\) (descending chain condition on right \(N\)-subgroups), it is nilpotent. If \(A/B\) is a minimal two-sided factor of \(N\) then \(Q(N)A\subseteq B\). A tame near-ring is one which has a faithful tame \(N\)-group, one in which all \(N\)-subgroups are submodules. A stronger condition is to say that \(N\) is compatible, that is \(N\) has a faithful compatible group \(V\), i.e. given \(v\in V\), \(\alpha\in N\), we can find \(\beta\in N\) such that \((v+w)\alpha-v\alpha=w\beta\) for all \(w\in V\). Some generalizations of these concepts are defined: semitame (semicompatible), weakly tame (weakly compatible) and others. Tameness or its generalizations allow the extension of conditions from right \(N\)-subgroups to right ideals, leading to the theorem: if \(N\) is a weakly tame near-ring, then \(Q(N)\) is an ideal. Add in DCCI (DCC on ideals), and \(Q(N)\) must contain non-zero nilpotent ideals. With some ascending chain conditions it is possible to show that nilpotency extends from a right ideal to the ideal that it generates. This leads to the result that in a near-ring with ACC on right ideals \(Q(N)\) is nilpotent. Extensions from nil to nilpotent also occur with ACCR. Some results on primeness follow. The idea of centrality is important in this context. An \(N\)-subgroup \(U\) of the \(N\)-group \(V\) is central if \((v+u)\alpha=v\alpha+u\alpha\) for all \(v\in V\), \(u\in U\), \(\alpha\in N\). The centre \(Z(V)\) of \(V\) is the sum of all central submodules. If \(V\) is compatible and \((U:V)=(0:V)\) then \(U\subseteq Z(V)\). Centrality properties of a compatible \(N\)-group, for a near-ring \(N\) with ACCI are determined. A prime weakly compatible near-ring is 2-prime. Idempotent ideals are studied next, under various tame and compatible conditions. This leads to showing that in weakly compatible near-rings with DCCI \(Q(N)\) has to be nilpotent, similarly if DCCI becomes ACCI. A number of properties of \(N/Q(N)\) are deduced from corresponding properties of \(N\). The structure of dense ideals of near-rings is elucidated. The structure of \(N/J(N)\), when \(N\) is weakly compatible with DCCI, is studied, and then the same is done for \(N/Q(N)\) where \(N\) is weakly compatible with ACCI. There are a large number of interesting and powerful results here. Those interested in this topic should get in touch with the author at the Department of Mathematics of the University of Auckland in New Zealand.