A Note on the Carleson‐Hunt Theorem (Q4934186)

Let \(S^*\) be the Carleson maximal operator for the Fourier partial sums \[ S^*f(x)=\sup_{j\in \mathbb{Z}}\left|\roman{p.v.} \int_{\mathbb{T}}e^{ijy}/(x-y) f(y) dy\right|,\quad x\in \mathbb{T}=[-\pi,\pi]. \] It is well known that this \(S^*\) is bounded on \(L^p\), \(1<p<\infty\) (L. Carleson and R. Hunt). The author shows that this \(L^p\) boundedness is equivalent to the following discrete weak type inequality: Given a weight \(\omega \in A_1\) (Muckenhoupt weight class), a smooth function on \(\mathbb{T}\) satisfying \(\varphi (t)=0\) \((t<1/2)\), \(\varphi(t)=1\) \((t>1)\), \(|\varphi'(t)|\leq 1/t\), \(\chi_{[1,\pi]}(t)\leq \varphi(t) \leq \chi_{[0,\pi]}\), a finite subset \(J\subset \mathbb{Z}\), a positive number \(\gamma \), and sequences \(\{a_k\}_{k=1}^{N}\subset \mathbb{T}\) and \(\{b_k^j\}_{k=1, j\in J}^N\subset \mathbb{C}\) with \(a_k\) Lebesgue's points of \(\omega\), there exists \(C>0\) depending only on \(\omega\) such that \[ \omega\left(\left\{x\in \mathbb{T};\left|\sum_{k=1}^N\sum_{j\in J} e^{ijx}b_k^j/(a_k-x)\varphi(|a_k-x|/\gamma)\right|>\lambda\right\}\right)\leq C\lambda^{-1}\sum_{k=1}^N\sum_{j\in J}|b_k^j|\omega(a_k),\;\lambda>0. \] To prove this, he uses a modification of his former result on vector-valued singular integrals [Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 45, No.~3, 421-436 (1996; Zbl 0888.42010)].