Exceptional quotient singularities (Q4934800)

A singularity is said to be exceptional, if for any log canonical boundary, there is at most one exceptional divisor of discrepancy \(-1\). This notion is important for the inductive treatment of the log canonical singularities. -- The exceptional singularities of dimension 2 are known: They belong to the types \(E_6\), \(E_7\), \(E_8\) after Brieskorn. In this paper it was proved that the quotient singularity defined by Klein's simple group in its 3-dimensional representations is exceptional. In the present paper, the classification of all the 3-dimensional exceptional quotient singularities is obtained. The main lemma states that the quotient of the affine 3-space by a finite group is exceptional if and only if the group has no semi-invariants of degree 3 or less. It is also proved that for any positive \(\varepsilon\), there are only finitely many \(\varepsilon\)-log terminal exceptional 3-dimensional quotient singularities. Theorem: A 2-dimensional quotient singularity \(X=\mathbb{C}^2/G\) by a finite group \(G\) without reflections is exceptional if and only if \(G\) has no semi-invariants of degree \(\leq 2\). Theorem: A 3-dimensional quotient singularity \(X=\mathbb{C}^3/G\) by a finite group \(G\) without reflections is exceptional if and only if \(G\) has no semi-invariants of degree \(\leq 3\).