No label defined (Q4934934)

This article presents a nice overview of the different kinds of inverse problems which are related to the determination of conductivity \(\sigma= \sigma(x)> 0\) in the interior of a certain body from boundary measurements. In addition to the problem formulation solution properties are outlined, appropriate references are given and if possible proof ideas are sketched. The inverse conductivity problem in general is formulated as the determination of \(\sigma\) given the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map \(N_\sigma: \eta=\sigma\nabla u\cdot\nu\to u|_{\partial\Omega}\), where \(u\) satisfies the Neumann problem \[ \begin{cases} \text{div}(\sigma\nabla u)= 0\quad &\text{in }\Omega,\\ \nabla u\cdot \nu= \eta\quad &\text{on }\partial\Omega.\end{cases} \] The instability of this inverse problem is illustrated by showing its connection to the severely ill-posed class of Hausdorff moment problems. Moreover, the transmission problem of finding a set \(D\subset\Omega\) is discussed, where \(\sigma= 1+(k- 1)\chi_D\). Uniqueness results of generic type are mentioned. Finally, estimates for the size of \(D\) are given. Here, the main tools which are required to obtain such estimates can be illustrated.