Axially symmetric flow with free boundary (Q4940489)

The boundary-value problem corresponding to axially symmetric 2-dimensional fluid flow with Bernoulli condition on a free boundary \(\gamma \) is investigated. Let \(G_{S}\) denotes a domain bounded below by the segment of the \(x\)-axis from the origin to the point \((0,a)\), on the sides by the perpendiculars to the \(x\)-axis at these points, and above by a curve \(S\). It is shown that the flow function \(\psi (x,y)\) and the boundary \(\gamma \) can be found as a stationary point of the functional \[ J(\psi ,\gamma)=\iint_{G_{\gamma }}[\psi _x^2+\psi _y^2+\nu ^2y^2+2\omega y(\psi -1)]y^{-1} dx dy \] defined on some natural set \(R\) of admissible pairs \((\psi ,\gamma)\). In particular, the admissible boundary \(\gamma \) must satisfy the condition \(G_{\gamma }\subset G_S\), where \(S\) is the graph of monotonically increasing function \(g(x)\in C^2([0,a]),\;g(0)=a\), \(g(a)=b\), \(g'(0)=g'(a)=0\), and the left end of \(\gamma \) must be at the point \((0,c)\), \(c<b\). The author finds conditions on the parameters \(a,b,c,\nu ,\omega \) and the function \(g(x)\) under which there exists a stationary pair for \(J\). By using the Ritz method, an approximate solution convergent to an exact one in the integral metric is constructed.