No label defined (Q4940916)

The difference system \[ y_{k+1}-\lambda z_{k+1}=y_{k}, \quad z_{k+1}=-\lambda P_{k}y_{k+1}+z_{k}, \tag{1} \] is introduced where \(P_{k}\) is an \(N\)-periodic in \(k\) Hermitian matrix with complex entries and of positive type, i.e., \(\sum_{k=0}^{N-1}P_{k}>0\), \(P_{k}\geq 0\), \(k=0,\ldots,N-1\). The Hamiltonian system (1) is a discretization of the linear differential equation \[ y''+\mu P(t)y=0, \tag{2} \] where \(\mu\) is a complex parameter, \(P(t)\) is a \(T\)-periodic Hermitian matrix. System (1) is obtained from (2) by using the symmetric second order difference method with steps \(h=T/N\) and \(\lambda=h\sqrt{\mu}\). The authors present the theory of \(\lambda\)-zones of stability for the system (1) by analogy with \textit{M. G. Krejn}'s theory for the system (2) [Foundations of the theory of \(\lambda\)-zones of stability of a canonical system of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients, in ``In memoriam A. A. Andronov'', pp. 413-498, USSR Acad. Publ. House, Moscow (1955; Zbl 0068.29802); Engl. transl. in Am. Math. Soc. Trans. 120, No. 2, 1-70 (1983; Zbl 0516.34049); cf. also \textit{V. A. Yakubovich} and \textit{V. M. Starzhinskii}, Linear differential equations with periodic coefficients, Nauka Publ. House, Moscow (1972, Zbl 0276.34001); Engl. transl. J. Wiley (1975, Zbl 0308.34001)]. The width of the central zone (around \(\lambda=0\)) for (1) is estimated using the properties of the eigenvalues of a selfadjoint boundary value problem for the periodic Hamiltonian, while the width of the side zones is estimated using analytic properties of the system's multipliers. The open problems for discrete-time periodic Hamiltonian systems are discussed.