Triangulated subcategories of extensions, stable \(t\)-structures, and triangles of recollements (Q494107)

Let \( \mathsf{X}\), \(\mathsf{Y}\) be subcategories of a triangulated category \(\mathsf{T}\). The notion of subcategory of extensions, denoted by \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}\), was introduced by \textit{A. A. Beilinson} et al. [Astérisque 100, 172 p. (1982; Zbl 0536.14011)] in the following way: \(e\in \mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}\) if \(e\in \mathsf{T}\) and there exists a distinguished triangle \(x\rightarrow e\rightarrow y\) in \(\mathsf{T}\) with \(x\in \mathsf{T}\) and \(y\in \mathsf{T}\). It is a well-known result that \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}\) is triangulated if \(\Hom_{\mathsf{T}}(\mathsf{X},\mathsf{Y})=0\). The first main purpose of this paper is to obtain an exact characterization of \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}\) to be triangulated. More concretely, In Theorem A, the authors prove the following: Let \(\mathsf{X}\), \(\mathsf{Y} \subseteq \mathsf{T}\) be triangulated subcategories. Then \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}\) is triangulated if and only if \(\Hom_{\mathsf{T}/\mathsf{X}\cap \mathsf{Y}}(Q{\mathsf{X}},Q\mathsf{X})=0\) where \(\mathsf{T}/\mathsf{X}\cap \mathsf{Y}\) is the Verdier quotient and \(Q:\mathsf{T}\rightarrow\mathsf{T}/\mathsf{X}\cap \mathsf{Y}\) is the quotient functor. A relevant notion in the theory of triangulated categories, is the notion of stable \(t\)-structure. For example, in algebraic geometry they are known as semi-ortogonal decompositions. A stable \(t\)-structure in a triangulated category \(\mathsf{T}\) is a pair \((\mathsf{X}, \mathsf{Y})\) of subcategories which are stable under \(\Sigma\) and satisfy \(\Hom_{\mathsf{T}}(\mathsf{X},\mathsf{Y})=0\) and \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}=\mathsf{T}\). Theorem A is the main ingredient used by the authors in Theorem B to construct stable \(t\)-structures working two or three triangulated subcategories of \(\mathsf{T}\). Finally, Theorem B is applied to thick subcategories because there exists a close relation between stable \(t\)-structures and thick subcategories. For example, if \((\mathsf{X}, \mathsf{Y})\) is a stable \(t\)-structure, \(\mathsf{X}\) and \(\mathsf{Y}\) are thick. A thick subcategory of a triangulated category \(\mathsf{T}\) is a triangulated subcategory closed under direct summands. In Theorem C, the final main result of this paper, the authors obtain the following: Let \(\mathsf{U}\subseteq \mathsf{T}\) be a thick subcategory and \(Q:\mathsf{T}\rightarrow\mathsf{T}/\mathsf{U}\) the quotient functor. There is a bijection between the set of stable \(t\)-structures on \(\mathsf{T}/\mathsf{U}\) and the set of pairs \((\mathsf{X}, \mathsf{Y})\) where \(\mathsf{X}\), \(\mathsf{Y}\) are thick subcategories of \(\mathsf{T}\) with \(\mathsf{X}\cap \mathsf{Y}=\mathsf{U}\) and \(\mathsf{X}\ast \mathsf{Y}=\mathsf{T}\).