Schauder estimates for equationswith fractional derivatives (Q4942879)

The authors study the equation \[ D^\alpha_t(u- h_1)+ D^\beta_x(u- h_2)= f,\quad 0<\alpha,\;\beta< 1,\;t, x\geq 0,\tag{1} \] where \(D^\alpha_t\) and \(D^\beta_x\) are fractional operators of orders \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\), respectively. The functions \(h_1\), \(h_2\) and \(f\) are known, with \(h_1\) assumed to depend on \(x\) only and \(h_2\) on \(t\) only. Regularity results are established first for the more general abstract fractional evolution equation \(D^\alpha_t(u- u_0)+ Bu= f\), in which \(B\) is a positive operator in a Banach space. These abstract results are then used to show that if \(f\), \(h_1\), \(h_2\) are Hölder continuous and \(f(0,0)= 0\), then equation (1) has a solution \(u\) such that \(D^\alpha_t u\) and \(D^\beta_x u\) are also Hölder continuous. The solution of (1), when \(f=1\), is also examined using estimates on the fundamental solution of \(D^\alpha_t+ D^\beta_x\).