Localization of eigenfunctions at zero for certain almost periodic operators (Q4943060)

The paper is devoted to the problem of the existence of localized eigenfunctions for almost periodic operators. Let \(\alpha\) be an arbitrary irrational number. Let \(\mathcal A\) denote the rotation \(C^*\)-algebra associated with \(\alpha\) which is determined by two unitaries \(u\) and \(v\) satisfying the relation \(uv=\lambda vu\), where \(\lambda=e^{2}\pi\alpha i\). For a given number \(\theta\) the representation \(\rho_{\theta}\) of the \(C^*\)-algebra \(\mathcal A\) on the Hilbert space \(l^2(\mathbb{Z})\) is defined as \[ \rho_{\theta}(u)\xi_n=\xi_{n+1}, \quad (\rho_{\theta}(v)\xi)_n=e^{\theta i}\lambda^{-n}\xi_n. \] In the paper using an algebraic approach the following is proved: for any irrational number \(\alpha\) satisfying the property \(\lim_{n\to\infty}|\sin\pi\alpha n|^{-1/n}=1\) and for every number \(\beta>1\) the difference equation \[ \xi_{n+1}+\xi_{n-1}+2\beta\cos(2\pi\alpha n+\theta)\xi_n=0, \quad n\in \mathbb{Z} \] has a non-trivial solution \(\{\xi_n\}\) satisfying \(\lim_{n\to\infty}|\xi_n|^{1/|n|}\leq \beta^{-1}\) if and only if \(\theta=2\pi\alpha n+2\pi k\pm\pi/2\) for some \(k,n\in\mathbb{Z}\). A condition for values of \(\theta\) such that an eigenfunction of \(\rho_\theta(h)\) with \(h= n+n^*+ \beta(v+v^*)\) exists, is also given.