No label defined (Q4945281)

This paper deals with the dynamics generated by Newton's method applied to \(x^2+1\) when the iteration starts from real initial conditions. In fact the authors deal with variations of Newton's method, so-called relaxed one, for example \[ x_{n+1}=x_n-\beta\left(\frac{f(x_n)}{f'(x_n)}\right), \] where \(f(x)\) is a given function. The authors prove that the long term behaviour of its orbits (under some natural conditions on \(f\)) is in fact chaotic. Moreover they extend their analysis in order to find invariant measures, probability densities, and Lyapunov exponents analytically. In particular, they prove that Newton's method applied to \(f(x)=x^2+1\) (classical problem discussed by G. Strang) has chaotic orbits. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0930.00030].