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This book is an exposition on a meromorphic function in \(s\in \mathbb{C}\) obtained as an integral of a complex power of a polynomial of a finite-dimensional vector space defined over a local field. This integral is sometimes called a ``local zeta function'', or ``Igusa's zeta function'' when we consider it on the \(p\)-adic local field. In the latter case it becomes a rational function in \(s\in \mathbb{C}\). In the first part of this book (Chapters 1 to 6), the author reviews the short history of the study of local zeta functions, gives an exposition of fundamental theorems (Hironaka's desingularization theorem and Bernstein's \(b\)-function theorem) and proves some theorems on archimedian local zeta functions and prehomogeneous vector spaces. In the latter half of this book (Chapters 7 to 11), the author mainly focuses on the explicit computation of the local zeta functions and studies their properties on the \(p\)-adic fields. Several important examples are explicitly computed by specific techniques and a new functional equation for the \(p\)-adic local zeta function of Denef and Meuser is proved.