No label defined (Q4951353)

Differential equations of two-layered ``shallow water'' model have the form \[ \begin{gathered} h_t+q_x=0, \qquad H_t+Q_x=0, \tag{1} \\ v_t+[v^{2}/2+g(h+H)]_x=-p_x, \quad V_t+[V^{2}/2+g(H+\lambda h)]_x=-\lambda p_x. \tag{2} \end{gathered} \] Here \(h\), \(q=hv\), and \(v\) are the depth, discharge rate, and velocity in the upper layer; \(H\), \(Q=HV\), and \(V\) are the same quantities in the lower layer; \(g\) is the gravity acceleration; \(p\) is the pressure on the upper boundary; and \(\lambda <1\) is the ratio of densities in the upper and the lower layers. Equations (1) and (2) are the mass conservation and local momentum laws in each layer. If \(p_x=0\) in equations (1) and (2) then the ``shallow water'' model with free surface is obtained; if \(h+H=H^*\), \(H^*=\text{const}\), and \(q+Q=0\), then the ``shallow water'' model ``under a lid'' is obtained. The system (1), (2) admits two more conservation laws: the law of complete impulse conservation and that of the full energy. The author writes out the full energy and finds a set of parameters leading to its convexity. He compares this set with the set of parameters characterizing the hyperbolicity region of the system (1), (2).