The characters of the generalized Steinberg representations of finite general linear groups on the regular elliptic set (Q4955733)

Let \(k= \mathbb{F}_q\) be a finite field of \(q\) elements, \(\overline k\) the algebraic closure of \(k, k_m\subset\overline k\) an extension of \(k\) with \([k_m:k]= m\), \(\varphi:\kappa\mapsto \kappa^q\) the Frobenius automorphism of \(\overline k|k\), \(G= \text{GL}_n(k)\) the group of non-singular matrices with entries in \(k\). Write \(G_m= \text{GL}(m,k)\) for any \(m>1\). Let \(X\) denote the group of characters of \(k^x_n\). For \(\chi\in X\) write \([\chi]\) for the \(\langle\varphi\rangle\)-orbit of \(\chi\), and form the sum (1) \(S(\chi)= \sum_{\eta\in[\chi]}\eta\). Let \({\mathcal R}_n\) denote the set of primitive elements of \(k_n|k\). Identify the set of \(\langle\varphi\rangle\)-orbits in \({\mathcal R}_n\), under any embedding of \(k^x_n\) into \(\text{GL}_n(k)\), with the set of regular elliptic conjugacy classes of \(\text{GL}_n(k)\). For \(m|m'\) there is the surjective norm map: \(N_{m|m'}: k^x_{m'}\to k^x_m\). Let \(\widetilde k= \varprojlim k^x_m\) be the projective limit of the system \(\{k^x_m, N_{m|m'}\}\). Dually \(X_m= X(k^x_m)\), \(N^*_{m|m'}: X_m\to X_{m'}\) and let \(\widetilde X= \varinjlim X_m\) be the direct limit of the system \(\{X_m, N^*_{m|m'}\}\). There is a natural action of \(\varphi\) on \(\widetilde k\) and \(\widetilde X\). The orbits of \(\varphi\) on \(\widetilde X\) have finite length \(|[\widetilde\chi_m]|\). Define, for \(\widetilde\chi\in\widetilde X\), \(S(\widetilde\chi)= S([\widetilde\chi])= \sum_{\widetilde\eta\in S(\widetilde\chi)}\), and consider \(S(\widetilde\chi)\) as a function on \(\widetilde k\) such that (1\('\)) \(S(\widetilde\chi)(\widetilde\kappa)= S(\chi_m)(\kappa_m)= \sum \eta_m(\kappa_m)\) \((\kappa_m\in\widetilde\chi)\). Then (Corollary 1.3 to Theorem 1.1): Let \(\widetilde\chi, \widetilde\chi'\in \widetilde X\) have \(\langle\varphi\rangle\)-orbits of lengths \(s\), \(s'\), respectively. Then, for some common multiple \(m\) of \(s\), \(s'\) the mappings \(S(\widetilde\chi)_m\) and \(S(\widetilde\chi')_m\) of \({\mathcal R}_m\to \mathbb{C}\) are equal if and only if \([\widetilde\chi]= [\widetilde\chi']\). Relying on the classic work of \textit{J. A. Green} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 80, 402-447 (1955; Zbl 0068.25605)] the authors describe the generalized Steinberg GS-characters on the regular elliptic set and prove the equivalence of several different characterizations. The main result of the paper is Theorem 6.1: Let \(\chi_s\) be a regular character of \(k^x_s\) and let \(\sigma_{\chi_s}= \sigma\) be the cuspidal representation of \(G_s\) with character \(U_{\chi_s}(\gamma)= (-1)^{s-1}S(\chi_s)(\gamma)\) for any regular elliptic element \(\gamma\) in \(G_s\). Consider \(\sigma^{\otimes v}\) as a representation of a parabolic subgroup \(P= L\ltimes U\) with Levi factor \(L\) of \(P\) isomorphic to \(G_s\times\cdots\times G_s\). Let \(\Sigma\) be the GS-component of the induced representation \(I(P,\sigma^{\otimes v})\). Then the character \(U_\Sigma\) is given on the regular elliptic set of \(G_s\) by \[ U(\xi)= (-1)^{n- 1} \sum^{s-1}_{j= 0} N^*_{k_n|k_s}(\chi_s)(\xi\nu^j)= (-1)^{n-1} S(\chi_n)(\xi). \] Herein \([G_s]^v= L\) \((sv= n)\) is the block diagonal subgroup of \(G_n\), \(P= L\ltimes U\), \(I(P,\sigma^{\otimes v})= \text{Ind}^G_P\sigma^{\otimes v}\). There exist \textit{two} irreducible components of \(I(P,\sigma^{\otimes v})\) which occur with multiplicity 1: (\(1^\circ\)) (GT) generalized trivial representation; (\(2^\circ\)) (GS) generalized Steinberg representation corresponding to the signature character of the symmetric group \({\mathfrak S}_v\). -- The authors further show that the GS-representations are the only components of these induced representations which are generic (i.e., they have Whittaker vectors).