The Furuta inequality in Banach $*$-algebras (Q4955751)

Let \(0\prec p\), \(q\), \(r\in\mathbb{R}\) be real numbers with \(p+ 2r\leq (1+ 2r)q\), \(1\leq q\). Furuta (1987) proved that if bounded linear operators \(A,B\in B(H)\) on a Hilbert space \(H\) satisfy \(0\leq B\leq A\), then \(B^{{p+2r\over q}}\leq (B^rA^p B^r)^{{1\over q}}\). The article is devoted to the extension of the Furuta inequality in a unital Hermitian Banach \(\sigma\)-algebra with continuous involution. Theorem A (Löwner-Heinz inequality). Let \(A,B\in B(H)\) satisfying \(0\leq B\leq A\). If \(0\prec p\prec 1\), then \(B^p\prec A^p\). Theorem B (Furuta inequality). Let \(0\leq p\), \(q\), \(r\in\mathbb{R}\) and \(A,B\in B(H)\) satisfying \(0\leq B\leq A\). If \(p+ 2r\leq (1+ 2r)q\) and \(1\leq q\), then \[ B^{{p+2r\over q}}\leq (B^r A^p B^r)^{{1\over q}}. \] Let \(A\) be unital Banach \(*\)-algebra with unit \(e\) and \(a,b\in A\). \(A\) is called Hermitian if \(a= a^*\Rightarrow \sigma(a)\subset \mathbb{R}\), \(\sigma(a)\) means spectrum of \(a,a\succ 0\). Theorem C (Okayasi inequality). Let \(A\) be a unital Hermitian Banach \(*\)-algebra with continuous involution. Let \(a,b\in A\), \(p\in (0,1]\). Then \(a^p\prec b^p\) if \(0\prec a\prec b\), and \(a^p\prec b^p\) if \(0\prec a\leq b\). The main result of this article is the following Theorem 1. Let \(A\) be a unital Hermitian Banach \(*\)-algebra with continuous involution and \(a,b\in A\). Let \(0\leq p\), \(q\), \(r\in\mathbb{R}\) satisfy \(p+ 2r\leq (1+ 2r)q\), \(1\leq q\). Then \(b^{{p+2r\over q}}\prec (b^r a^pb^r)^q\) if \(0\prec b\prec a\) and \(b^{{p+2r\over q}}\leq (b^r a^p b^r)^{{1\over q}}\) if \(0\prec b\leq a\).