Two nontrivial solutions for an elliptic problem involving some nonlocal integro-differential operators (Q495621)

The purpose of this paper is to find solutions of the nonlinear elliptic problem \[ \begin{cases} \mathcal{L}_K u=\lambda f(x,u),&\text{ in }\Omega\\ u=0&\text{ in }\mathbb{R}^N\backslash \Omega, \end{cases} \] where \(\Omega\in\mathbb{R}^N\) (\(N>ps\)) is an open bounded set with Lipschitz boundary, \(s\in(0,1)\), \(1<p<\frac{N}{s}\), \(\lambda\in\mathbb{R}\) is a parameter and the nonlocal operator \(\mathcal{L}_K\) is defined by \[ \mathcal{L}_K u(x)=2 \,P.V. \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}^N}|u(x)-u(y)|^{p-2}(u(x)-u(y))K(x-y)dy \] with the kernel function \(K:\mathbb{R}^N\backslash \{0\}\rightarrow (0,\infty)\) satisfying the following properties: (\(K_1\)) \(\gamma K\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^N)\), where \(\gamma(x)= \min\{|x|^p,1\}\); (\(K_2\)) there exists \(\theta>0\) such that \(K(x)\geqslant \theta |x|^{-(N+rs)}\) for any \(x\in \mathbb{R}^N\backslash \{0\}\); (\(K_3\)) \(K(x)=K(-x)\) for any \(x\in \mathbb{R}^N\backslash \{0\}\). The main result is stated as follows. Theorem. Let \(K:\mathbb{R}^N\backslash \{0\}\rightarrow (0,\infty)\) to be a function satisfying (\(K_1\))-(\(K_3\)) and assume that \(f\) satisfyes the following conditions (\(f_0\)) \(f:\Omega\times\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\) is a Carathedory function satisfying \(|f(x,t)|\leqslant c|t|^{p-1}\) for all \(x\in \Omega\) and \(t\in \mathbb{R}\) with \(c>0\); (\(f_1\)) \(\limsup\frac{f(x,t)}{|t|^{p-2}t}\leqslant0\) uniformly in \(x\in \Omega\); (\(f_2\)) there exists \(\delta>0\) such that \(f(x,t)\leqslant0\) for almost all \(x\in \Omega\) and all \(|t|\leqslant\delta\); (\(f_3\)) there exists \(u_0\in L^p (\Omega)\), \(u_0\neq0\) such that \(\int_\Omega\int_0^{u_0(x)}f(x,s)dsdx>0\). Then there exists \(\lambda^*>0\) such that for every \(\lambda\in(\lambda^*,+\infty)\) problem admits at least two nontrivial solutions. This result is achieved by investigation of the functional \[ I_\lambda(u)=\frac{1}{p}\int_\Omega \int_\Omega |u(x)-u(y)|^p K(x-y)dxdy- \int_\Omega\int_0^{u(x)}f(x,s)dsdx \] since critical points of \(I_\lambda\) are weak solutions of our problem.