Finite quotients of Galois pro-\(p\) groups and rigid fields. (Q495826)

Let \(G\) be a pro-\(p\) group, where \(p\) is a prime. Let \(P_i(G)\) be the terms of the lower \(p\)-central series of \(G\), so that \(P_2(G)\) is the Frattini subgroup \(\Phi(G)\), and let \(\Phi_2(G)=\Phi(\Phi(G))\). In the paper under review the author proves (Theorem 1) that if \(G\) is a finitely generated Bloch-Kato pro-\(p\) group, then \(\Phi_2(G)=P_3(G)\) if and only if \(G\) is \(p\)-adic analytic. As a consequence (Corollary 1) if the field \(F\) contains a primitive \(p\)-th root of unity, and the quotient group \(F^\times/(F^\times)^p\) is finite, then \(F^{(3)}=F^{\{3\}}\) if and only if \(F\) is \(p\)-rigid. (If \(p=2\), one has also to assume that \(F\) contains a square root of \(-1\).) Here \(F^{(3)}\) is the compositum over \(F^{(2)}\) of all extensions of \(F^{(2)}\) of degree \(p\) which are Galois over \(F\), where \(F^{(2)}\) is the compositum over \(F\) of all extensions of \(F\) of degree \(p\); and \(F^{\{3\}}=(F^{(2)})^{(2)}\).