Morse cohomology in a Hilbert space via the Conley index (Q499966)
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English | Morse cohomology in a Hilbert space via the Conley index |
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Morse cohomology in a Hilbert space via the Conley index (English)
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7 October 2015
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The main theorem states that Morse cohomology groups defined for a certain functional in a Hilbert space are isomorphic to the cohomological Conley index. The Floer homology approach via Conley index is performed by using an index pair in a Hilbert space and also applying the Gȩba-Granas cohomology [\textit{K. Gȩba} and \textit{A. Granas}, J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 52, 145--270 (1973; Zbl 0275.55009)]. This approach allows one to calculate the cohomological Conley index without the need of a finite-dimensional approximation of the vector field. The cohomological groups obtained satisfy the axioms of generalized cohomology theory and are invariant under the flow deformations as proved in [\textit{A. Abbondandolo}, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal. 9, No. 2, 325--382 (1997; Zbl 0906.58007)]. Indeed, the main theorem considers the flow generated by the vector field \(-\nabla f\) of a function \(f\in C^{2}(E,\mathbb{R})\), where: (i) \(E\) is a Hilbert space with a spliting \(E=E^{+}\oplus E^{-}\), each \(E^{\pm}\) are either infinite-dimensional or trivial. (ii) \(f(x)=\tfrac{1}{2}<Lx,x>+\;b(x)\), where \(L\) is a self-adjoint isomorphism, \(\nabla b(x)\) is a globally Lipschitz and \(D^{2}b(x)\) is compact for every \(x\in E\). The operator \(L\) gives a splitting of \(E\) into \(E^{+}\) and \(E^{-}\) corresponding to the positive and the negative eigenspaces, respectively. Given a flow invariant set \(S\), a closed and bounded pair \((N_{1},N_{0})\) is called a index pair for \(S\) if: (i) \(N_{0}\) is positively invariant relative to \(N_{1}\), (ii) \(S\subset \mathrm{int} N_{1}\backslash N_{0}\), (iii) if \(\gamma\in N_{1}\), \(t>0\) and \(\gamma.t\notin N\) (\(N\) is an isolating set), then there exists \(t'\) such that \(\gamma.[0,t']\subset N_{1}\) and \(\gamma.t'\in N_{0}\). Definition: The cohomological index of \(S\) is \(ch^{*}(S)=H^{*}_{E}(N_{1},N_{0})\), where \((N_{1},N_{0})\) is an index pair for \(S\). The cohomological index \(ch^{*}(S)\) does not depend on the chosen index pair \((N_{1},N_{0})\). The group \(H^{*}_{E}(N_{1},N_{0})\) correponds to the \(E\)-cohomology ring of the index pair. Main Theorem: Let \(HF^{\ast}(S)\) be the Floer cohomology whose boundary operator counts \(\mod 2\) the flow's trajectories connecting critical points. Then, \(HF^{\ast}(S)=ch^{\ast}(S)\).
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Conley index
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Floer homology
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Morse theory
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Morse-Witten-Floer complex
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