Uniform Hölder bounds for strongly competing systems involving the square root of the Laplacian (Q502152)

The authors consider the problem of a priori bounds and optimal regularity of the limiting profiles in the simplest case of anomalous diffusion, driven by the square root of the Laplacian. Indeed, they prove that \( L^{\infty} \) bounded solutions of a class of competition-diffusion nonlinear systems involving the square root of the Laplacian of the following type are \( \mathcal{C}^{0, \alpha} \) bounded, for every \( \alpha\in[0,1/2), \) uniformly as \( \beta\rightarrow \infty \): \[ (-\Delta)^{1/2}u_{i}=w_{i}u_{i}^{3}+\lambda_{i}u_{i}-\beta u_{i}\sum_{i\neq j}a_{ij}u_{j}^{2},\quad i=1,\dots,k. \] These equations include the fractional Gross-Pitaevskii system. In the following we state one of their results: Theorem (Global uniform Hölder bounds). Let the functions \( f_{i,\beta}\) be continuous and uniformly bounded(with respect to \( \beta \))on bounded sets and let \( \{\mathbf{u}_{\beta}\}_{\beta} \) be a family of \( H^{1/2}(\mathbb R^{N}) \) solutions to the problems \[ (-\Delta)^{1/2}u_{i}=f_{i,\beta}(u_{i})-\beta u_{i}\sum_{j\neq i}u_{j}^{2}\text{ on } \Omega \] \[ u_{i}\equiv 0 \text{ on }\mathbb R^{N}\backslash \Omega,\quad i=1,\dots,k \] where \( \Omega \) is a bounded domain in \( \mathbb R^{N} \), with sufficiently smooth boundary. Assume that \( \|\mathbf{u}_{\beta}\|_{L^{\infty}(\Omega)}\leq M \) for a constant \( M \) independent of \( \beta \). Then, for every \( \alpha\in(0,1/2), \) there exists a constant \( C=C(M,\alpha) \), not depending on \( \beta \), such that \( \|\mathbf{u_{\beta}}\|_{\mathcal{C^{ 0,\alpha}}(\mathbb R^{N})}\leq C(M,\alpha) \).