Action of special linear groups to the tensor of indeterminates and classical invariants of binary forms (Q502730)

Let \(K\) be an infinite field, \(T=(T_{ijk})_{1\leqslant i\leqslant m, 1\leqslant j\leqslant n,1\leqslant k\leqslant 2}\) be an \(m\times n\times 2\)-tensor of indeterminates. Let \(X_{k}=(T_{ijk})_{1\leqslant i\leqslant m, 1\leqslant j\leqslant n}\) for \(k=1,2\). Consider an action of the product \(\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(n,K)\) of two special linear groups on the polynomial ring \(K[T]:=K[T_{ijk}\mid 1\leqslant i\leqslant m, 1\leqslant j\leqslant n,1\leqslant k\leqslant 2]\) by the \(K\)-algebra homomorphism sending \(X_{k}\) to \(P^{T}X_{k}Q\) for \(k=1,2\), where \((P,Q)\in \mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times \mathrm{SL}(n,K)\). In the first part of this paper (Section 3), the author proves that {\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[--] For \(n\geqslant 2\), the invariant ring \(K[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(n,K)\times \mathrm{SL}(n,K)}\) is generated by \(n+1\) algebraically independent elements over \(K\); \item[--] If \(n=m+\mathrm{gcd}(m,n)\), then the invariant ring \(K[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times \mathrm{SL}(n,K)}\) is generated by one element over \(K\); \item[--] If \(m<n\) and \(n\neq m+\mathrm{gcd}(m,n)\), then the invariant ring \(K[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times \mathrm{SL}(n,K)}=K\). \end{itemize}} Moreover, in Theorems 3.8 and 3.16, it is proved that these generators form a SAGBI basis for the corresponding invariant ring. In the second part of this paper (Section 4), the author considers the action of \(G:=\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(n,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(2,K)\) on \(K[T]\) in the natural way, and in particular, the action of \(\mathrm{SL}(2,K)\) on \(K[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(n,K)}\). The author proves that {\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[--] If \(m\neq n\), then \(K[T]^{G}=K[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(m,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(n,K)}\); \item[--] The action of \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb C)\) on \(\mathbb C[T]^{\mathrm{SL}(n,K)\times\mathrm{SL}(n,K)}\) is equivalent (or isomorphic) to the action of \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb C)\) on classical binary forms. \end{itemize}}