Equivalence of the Brownian and energy representations (Q503986)

The authors study two types of unitary representation of the group \(H(G)\) of smooth paths over a compact connected Lie group \(G\). Consider the Wiener space \(W(G)\equiv W([0,T],G)\) of continuous paths (starting from the unit \(e\)) over \(G\) and the associated left Wiener measure \(\mu\). Denote by \(R_\varphi\) the right translation by any \(\varphi\in H(G)\), and similarly, by \(L_\varphi\) the left translation by \(\varphi^{-1}\), both acting on \(W(G)\). The authors establish the non-abelian analogue of the Cameron-Martin and Girsanov theorems: \(\mu\) is quasi-invariant under \(R_\varphi\), which provides a Radon-Nikodym derivative \(Z_\varphi^R\), given by an exponential martingale. Similarly, \(L_\varphi\) produces a Radon-Nikodym derivative \(Z_\varphi^L=Z_\varphi^R\circ(\gamma\mapsto\gamma^{-1})\). They also give a new proof that the family \(\{\sqrt{Z_\varphi^R}\mid \varphi \in H(G)\}\) spans a dense subspace of \(L^2(W(G),\mu)\). Then the authors consider the unitary Brownian representations of \(H(G)\) on \(L^2 (W(G),\mu)\) defined by: \(_\varphi^Rf:= \sqrt{Z_\varphi^L}\times (f\circ R_\varphi)\) and \(U_\varphi^L f:=\sqrt{Z_\varphi^L}\times (f\circ L_\varphi)\). They show in particular that \(U_\varphi^R\) and \(U_\phi^L\) commute, that \(U^R\) and \(U^L\) are unitarily equivalent, with intertwining operator \(f\mapsto f\circ(\gamma\mapsto\gamma^{-1})\), and that the vacuum state \(\mathbf 1\) is a separating cyclic vector such that any \(\Theta\) belonging to the von Neumann algebra generated by the operators \(U_\varphi^R\) is determined by its image \(\Theta\mathbf 1\). Denote by \(\mathcal G\) the Lie algebra of \(G\) and by \(\nu\) the image of \(\mu\) on \(W(\mathcal G)\). Then to any \(\varphi\in H(G)\) the authors associate the rotation \(O_\varphi\) on \(W(\mathcal G)\) defined by \(O_\varphi(w):=\int^\cdot_0Ad_\varphi dw\), and the so-called energy representation \(E_\varphi\), defined on \(L^2(W(\mathcal G),\nu)\) by setting: \(E_\varphi(w):=\exp \left[\sqrt{-1}\int_0^T\langle\varphi^{-1}\varphi'(s),dw_s\rangle\right]\times (f\circ O_{\varphi^{-1}})(w)\). Finally the authors show that \(E\) is unitarily equivalent to \(U^R\) and \(U^L\). The intertwining operator is provided by the Fourier-Wiener transform. Consequently, \(\mathbf 1\) is a cyclic vector for \(E\) too.