A new Lyapunov function for SIRS epidemic models (Q506198)

This paper studies an SIRS epidemic model with general nonlinear incidence rate, vaccination in susceptible and varying population size described by the following equations: \[ \begin{aligned} \dot{S}=&A-\beta f(S)g(I)-d_1S-\eta S+\delta R,\\ \dot{I}=&\beta f(S)g(I)-(d_2+\gamma)I,\\ \dot{R}=&\eta S+\gamma I-(d_3+\delta)R,\end{aligned} \] where \(d_1,d_2,d_3\) are the death rates for susceptible, \(S\), infected, \(I\), and recovered, \(R\), individuals, respectively. The nonlinear functions \(f\) and \(g\) are the incidence rates, \(\delta\) is the rate of which recovered individuals lose immunity and return to the susceptible class, \(\gamma\) is the natural recovery rate of the infective individuals, \(\beta\) is the transmission coefficient, and \(\eta\) is the proportion of the susceptible that is vaccinated per unit time. A stability analysis is performed and the basic reproduction number is analyzed. Some future directions of research projects, including certain nonlinear incident rates and varying population sizes, are discussed.