Bernstein inequalities with nondoubling weights (Q509102)

The paper is concerned with analogues of the Bernstein inequality for trigonometric polynomials \(T_n\) of degree at most \(n\) on the unit circle \(\mathbb{T}\): \[ \| T '_n\|_{L_p(\omega)}\leq C(p,\omega)n\| T_n\|_{L_p(\omega)}.\quad \eqno(1) \] Here, \(\omega\) is a nonnegative integrable function on \(\mathbb{T}\). It is said that a periodic weight function \(\omega\) satisfies the \textit{doubling condition} if \(W(2I)\leq LW(I)\) for all intervals \(I\), where \(L\) is a constant independent of \(I\), \(2I\) is the interval twice the length of \(I\) and with the midpoint coinciding with that of \(I\), and \[ W(I)=\int_I\omega(t)dt. \] For \(1\leq p<\infty\), \textit{G. Mastroianni} and \textit{V. Totik} [Constr. Approx. 16, No. 1, 37--71 (2000; Zbl 0956.42001)] proved that (1) holds for any weight \(\omega\) satisfying the doubling condition. A similar result was obtained for \(0<p<1\) by \textit{T. Erdélyi} [J. Approx. Theory 100, No. 1, 60--72, Art. No. jath.1999.3340 (1999; Zbl 0985.41009)]. In his plenary lecture at Maratea conference FAAT 2009, V. Totik raised the following problem: under which condition on a general (not necessarily doubling) weight \(\omega\) does (1) hold for any trigonometric polynomial \(T_n\) of degree at most \(n\)? The aim of this paper is to answer this question. The authors define a class \(\Omega\) of weight functions and discuss growth properties of them, as well as the order of trigonometric approximation of these functions and of their derivatives. Bernstein's inequality is proved with weights \(\omega\) from \(\Omega\). Weighted Markov, Remez, and Nikolskii inequalities for trigonometric and algebraic polynomials are also proved. Finally, necessary conditions for (1) to hold are obtained.