On a variety of Burnside ai-semirings satisfying \(x^n\approx x\) (Q512194)

A Burnside ai-semiring is a semiring \(S(+, \cdot)\) which is additively idempotent (\(x+x=x\)) and satisfies \(x^n=x^m\) for some \(n\neq m\) (with not necessarily commutative multiplication); its variety is denoted \(\mathbf{Sr}(n,m)\). Given a semiring \(S\in\mathbf{Sr}(n,1)\), the authors show that its multiplicative semigroup \(S(\cdot)\) is a regular orthocryptogroup, i.e., that it satisfies the following properties: {\parindent=0.6cm\begin{itemize}\item[--] For each \(a\in S\) there is \(x\in S\) such that \(a=axa\) and \(ax=xa\). \item[--] The set \(E(S)\) of idempotents of \(S(\cdot)\) is a regular band (i.e., a semigroup satisfying \(xx=x\) and \(zxzyz = zxyz\)). \item[--] Green's relation \(\mathcal H\) is a congruence of \(S(\cdot)\), where \((a,b)\in\mathcal H\) if and only if \(a\) and \(b\) generate the same principal left and right ideals, i.e., \(aS\cup\{a\}=bS\cup\{a\}\) and \(Sa\cup\{a\}=Sb\cup\{a\}\). \end{itemize}} The authors use this to give a construction of free objects in \(\mathbf{Sr}(n,1)\), and also characterize when Green's relations \(\mathcal {D, L, R, H}\) are congruences on \(S(+,\cdot)\), e.g., \(\mathcal D\) is a congruence if and only if \(S(\cdot)\) is a normal band (i.e., a semigroup satisfying \(xx=x\) and \(zxyz=zyxz\)). As these relations are always congruences on regular orthocryptogroups, this provides necessary conditions for a given regular orthocryptogroup to be the multiplicative semigroup of some semiring \(S\in\mathbf{Sr}(n,1)\).