Commensurating endomorphisms of acylindrically hyperbolic groups and applications (Q515277)

Summary: We prove that the outer automorphism group \(\mathrm{Out}(G)\) is residually finite when the group \(G\) is virtually compact special (in the sense of \textit{F. Haglund} and \textit{D. T. Wise} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 17, No. 5, 1551--1620 (2008; Zbl 1155.53025)]) or when \(G\) is isomorphic to the fundamental group of some compact 3-manifold. To prove these results we characterize commensurating endomorphisms of acylindrically hyperbolic groups. An endomorphism \(\varphi\) of a group \(G\) is said to be commensurating, if for every \(g \in G\) some non-zero power of \(\varphi (g)\) is conjugate to a non-zero power of \(g\). Given an acylindrically hyperbolic group \(G\), we show that any commensurating endomorphism of \(G\) is inner modulo a small perturbation. This generalizes a theorem of the second author and \textit{D. Osin} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, No. 11, 6079--6103 (2010; Zbl 1227.20041)], which provided a similar statement in the case when \(G\) is relatively hyperbolic. We then use this result to study pointwise inner and normal endomorphisms of acylindrically hyperbolic groups.