Combining Riesz bases in \(\mathbb{R}^d\) (Q515357)

Given a discrete set \(\Lambda\subset \mathbb R^d\), denote by \[ e(\Lambda) := \{e^{i\langle\lambda, t\rangle},\lambda\in\Lambda\} \] the corresponding exponential system. Let \(S\) be a set of finite measure in \(\mathbb R^d\). It is an interesting problem to find, if possible, a set \(\Lambda\) such that \(e(\Lambda)\) constitutes a Riesz basis for the space \(L^2(S).\) There are relatively few examples of sets \(S\subset \mathbb R^d\) for which it is known that such a basis exists. Observe that it is still not known if a set \(S\) of finite positive measure exists such that the space \(L^2(S)\) does not admit a Riesz basis of exponentials. An important contribution to the subject was made by the authors in their previous paper [Zbl 1309.42048]. They proved that if \(S\subset \mathbb R\) is a finite union of intervals, then the space \(L^2(S)\) does admit a Riesz basis of exponentials. The purpose of the present paper is to extend this result to higher dimensions. The existence of exponential Riesz bases is proved for \(L^2(S)\), where \(S\subset \mathbb R^d\) is any finite union of rectangles with edges parallel to the axes. Moreover, if \(S \subset [0, 1]^d\), then \(\Lambda\) may be chosen to satisfy \(\Lambda\subset Z^n\).