Complete permutation polynomials from exceptional polynomials (Q518068)

For \(q\) a power of \(p\), this paper study the permutation property on monomials and binomials functions, defined over the finite field \(\mathbb F_{q^n}\) in odd characteristic, of the form \(f(x)=ax^{\frac{q^n-1}{q-1}+1}\) and \(f(x)+x\) with some restriction on \(n\). The paper uses three principal keys to guarantee the permutation property. 1. A property on the roots of an associated polynomial \(g(x)\) to \(f(x)\). These roots must form a unique orbit under the Frobenius map \( x^q\). 2. A reduction to the study of exceptional polynomials. 3. A classification of indecomposable exceptional polynomials of degree not a power of \(p\). The obtained results are: 1. If \(g(x)\) is decomposable, then \(f(x)\) and \(f(x)+x\) is not a permutation polynomial. 2. If \(g(x)\) is an indecomposable exceptional polynomial of degree \(n+1\), then is is of a particular type (A,B,C,D) depending its degree. A prime degree for the cases A and B, not prime for C, and a power of prime for the case D. The authors classify \(g\) of type A (and then provide families of permutation polynomial) in section 3, and classify \(g\) of type B in section 4. This classification was done up to the choices of the coefficient \(a\) in \(f\). These results are consequences of a classification of indecomposable exceptional polynomials (Mullen). For the type C case, the non existing of permutation polynomials are proved in section 5. In section 6, a family of permutation polynomials is found for the type D by using linearized polynomials. In section 7, all exceptional polynomials of degree 8 and 9 are determined by using algebraic geometry results (number of rational points of algebraic curves, Hasse-Weil bound, Absolutely irreducible polynomials). As a consequence of this result, a proof of a conjecture (G-Z conjecture) in characteristic odd, for the cases \(n=7,8\) is provided.