On the geometry and topology of partial configuration spaces of Riemann surfaces (Q518842)

Let \(\Gamma\) be a finite simple graph with cardinality \(n\), vertex set \(V\) and edge set \(E\), and \(\Sigma_g\) a compact genus-\(g\) Riemann surface. From this data, one can construct the \textit{partial configuration space} of type \(\Gamma\) on \(\Sigma_g\), \(F (g, \Gamma)\), given by those maps \(z \in \Sigma_g^V\) such that \(z_i \neq z_j\) for each pair of vertices \((i,j)\), and obtain the associated \textit{partial pure braid groups} of type \(\Gamma\) in genus \(g\), \(P(g, \Gamma) := \pi_1(F (g, \Gamma))\). This paper is concerned with defining and calculating several topological and geometric invariants of the \(F (g, \Gamma)\), some obtained via invariants of the \(P(g, \Gamma)\). Viewing \(\Sigma_g\) as a smooth genus-\(g\) complex projective curve, \(F (g, \Gamma)\) becomes a quasiprojective manifold. For such quasiprojective manifolds \(M\), one can determine \textit{admissible maps of general type}; these are regular surjections onto quasiprojective curves of negative Euler characteristic, \(f:M \rightarrow S\), having connected generic fiber. The set of such \(f\), modulo reparametrization at the target, is denoted by \(\mathcal E (M)\). Section 2 and Theorem 1.1 describes \(\mathcal E (M)\) for the above case of \(M = F (g, \Gamma)\), providing a complete set of representatives for each \(g\). The proof is done through an analysis of the \textit{resonance varieties} of an associated \textit{Solomon model} for this \(M\), as defined and described below. Section 3 calculates, following Quillen, the \textit{Malcev Lie algebra} invariant \(\mathfrak m\) of the fundamental groups \(P(g, \Gamma)\) over a field of characteristic zero \(\Bbbk\), a complete \(\Bbbk\)-Lie algebra obtained by taking the primitives in the completion of the group ring \(\Bbbk \pi\) with respect to the powers of the augmentation ideal, modulo some (axiomatic) relations. This calculation is done in Propositions 3.2 for \(g = 0\) and 3.4 for \(g \geq 1\), and compiled in Theorem 1.2. Additionally, conditions are presented on when a given \(P(g, \Gamma)\) is \(1\)-formal, that is, the lower central filtration of a Lie algebra with degree 1 generators and degree 2 relations. If \(M\) is a quasiprojective manifold and \(M = \bar M \backslash D\) is a smooth compactification obtained by adding at infinity a hypersurface arrangement \(D\) in \(\bar M\), one can obtain the associated Orlik-Solomon model \(A = A^\bullet ({\bar M}, D)\) of \(M\). This model \(A\) completely determines the previous set of admissible maps of general type \(\mathcal E (M)\). For \(M = F (g, \Gamma)\), the authors use here \(\bar{M} = \Sigma_g^V\) and \(D = D_\Gamma\), the union of the diagonals associated to the edges of the graph. If a connected \(CW\)-space \(M\) has a \(1\)-finite \(1\)-model \(A\), the Malcev Lie algebra \(\mathfrak m (\pi_1 (M))\) is isomorphic to the lcs completion of the \textit{holonomy Lie algebra} of \(A\). This is Theorem 3.1, which permits the calculations of Theorem 1.2. If \(M\) is a quasiprojective manifold, one defines (for each \(i \geq 0\) and \(r \geq 0\)) the \textit{characteristic varieties} \(\mathcal V_r^i(M)\), called \textit{topological Green-Lazarsfeld loci} for \(r=1\). On the other hand, if \((A^\bullet , d)\) is a complex commutative differential positively graded algebra, and \(\theta : \mathfrak g \rightarrow {\mathfrak gl}(V)\) is a finite-dimensional representation of a finite-dimensional complex Lie algebra, one defines (for each \(i \geq 0\) and \(r \geq 0\)) the \textit{resonance varieties} \(\mathcal R_r^i(A, \theta)\). A previous result states that, for a quasiprojective manifold \(M\), \(\mathcal E (M)\) is in bijection with the positive-irreducible components through the origin for both \(\mathcal V_1^1(M)\) and \(\mathcal R_1^1(A)\), where \(A\) is the Orlik-Solomon model of \(M\). This is the connection that is used in order to prove Theorem 1.1 in Section 2. The final Section 4 is dedicated to the proof of Theorem 1.3, where some resonance varieties related to models \(A\) as above are presented for some finite-dimensional representations \(\theta\). It is shown that the nontrivial parts at the origin for rank-\(2\) representations (and their associated degree-\(1\) topological Green-Lazarsfeld loci) come from curves of general type using the regular maps from Theorem 1.1. The authors end by calculating explicit presentations for the Malcev Lie algebras of the \(P(g, \Gamma)\) in the context of this section.