The Moutard transformation of two-dimensional Dirac operators and the conformal geometry of surfaces in four-dimensional space (Q520607)

A surface in the four-dimensional Euclidean space admits a Weierstrass representation related to the two-dimensional Dirac operator with complex-valued potential. In this paper, the authors construct a transformation of the Dirac operator to another operator of the same form, the so-called Moutard transformation, for each pair of solutions of the Dirac equations, and show the geometric meaning of the Moutard transformation using the action of the composition of an inversion and a reflection in a straight line on the surface. They also describe an explicit example of the transformation related to the Clifford torus leading to the appearance of double points on the spectral curve of the Dirac operator analytically.