Toeplitz operators and the Roe-Higson type index theorem in Riemannian surfaces (Q520657)

The main theorem in the paper under review is stated as follows. Let \(M\) be an oriented complete Riemannian manifold. Assume that \(M\) has dimension two and is a partitioned manifold in the sense that there is a closed hypersurface \(N\) in \(M\) such that \(M\) is decomposed into two submanifolds \(M^{\pm}\) by \(N\), so that \(M= M^+ \cup M^-\) and \(N\) is the intersection of \(M^{\pm}\) and is the boundary of both \(M^{\pm}\) (such as for instance, \(N= S^1\) the circle in \(M=S^2\setminus \{(0, \pm1)\}\) the sphere with the north and south poles removed). Let \(E\) be a \(\mathbb Z_2\)-graded spin bundle over \(M\) with a grading and \(D\) the Dirac operator on \(E\). Take \(\varphi\) a \(\mathrm{GL}_l(\mathbb C)\) (the general linear group over complex numbers)-valued, continuously differentiable map on \(M\), that is assumed to be bounded with its gradient bounded, and the inverse \(\varphi^{-1}\) is also bounded. Define an invertible \(u_{\varphi}\) as the diagonal sum of \(\varphi\) and the identity map, adjointed by the perturbed invertible for \(D\) by the identity, which belongs to the general linear group over the \(C^*\)-algebra containing the Roe algebra for \(M\) as a closed two-sided ideal, defined so as adding diagonal matrices with diagonal elements as bounded continuous functions on \(M\) to the Roe algebra. Then the Connes pairing between the \(K_1\)-theory class of \(u_{\varphi}\) and the Roe cocycle defined on a dense subalgebra of the Roe algebra for \(M\) is explicitly computed to be equal to the Fredholm index of the Toeplitz operator of \(\varphi\) restricted to \(N\), up to a scalar multiplication. It may be viewed as a partial but non-trivial extension of the Roe-Higson index (trivial) theorem (by \textit{J. Roe} [Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 135, 187--228 (1988; Zbl 0677.58042)] and \textit{N. Higson} [Topology 30, No. 3, 439--443 (1991; Zbl 0731.58065)]) to even-dimensional partitioned manifolds.