Categorification of a linear algebra identity and factorization of Serre functors (Q522024)

Let \(A\) be a finite dimensional algebra over a field \(k\). \(A\) is said to be triangular algebra if there exists a complete set of primitive orthogonal idempotents \(e_1,\ldots, e_n\) of \(A\) satisfying that \(e_iAe_j=0\) for any \(j<i\) and \(e_iAe_j\cong k\) for \(1\leq i\leq n\). If \(M\) is a finite dimensional \(A\)-\(A\) bimodule, \(M\) is triangular if \(e_iMe_j=0\) for any \(j<i\). The main result of the paper establishes that for the trivial extension \(\Lambda\) of \(A\) and \(DM=\mathrm{Hom}_k(M,k)\), where \(A\) is a finite dimensional triangular algebra and \(M\) is a triangular \(A\)-\(A\) bimodule, there exist triangulated endofunctors \(R_i\) of \({\mathcal D}^b(\Lambda )\), which restrict to the triangulated subcategory of complexes quasi-isomorphic to perfect complexes, verifying: \[ ( -\overset{\mathbf{L}}{\otimes}_ADM_A[1])\circ (-\overset{\mathbf{L}}{\otimes}_\Lambda A_A) = (-\overset{\mathbf{L}}{\otimes}_\Lambda A_A )\circ R_n\circ \cdots \circ R_2 \circ R_1. \] Considering this equality at the level of \(K_0\), an interpretation of the well-known matrix identity obtained by \textit{A. J. Coleman} [Invent. Math. 95, No. 3, 447--477 (1989; Zbl 0679.17008)] for the Cartan matrix of \(\Lambda\) is obtained. As a consequence of the main result, it is shown that a lift the Serre functor on \({\mathcal D}^b(A)\) is a product of \textit{reflections}. This offers a categorification of the forementioned matrix identity for the symmetrization of an upper triangular square matrix. In the last section, the authors compares his categorification results with the previously obtained by \textit{P. Gabriel} in Section 5 [Lect. Notes Math. 831, 1--71 (1980; Zbl 0445.16023)].