A general fibre theorem for moment problems and some applications (Q522326)

In the present paper, the author extends his so-called fibre theorem [\textit{K. Schmüdgen}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 558, 225--234 (2003; Zbl 1047.47012)] from the polynomial algebra \(\mathbb{R}[x_1,\ldots,x_d]\) to arbitrary finitely generated unital real algebras (Theorem 3). From this generalization, a number of affirmative results on the moment problem for closed non-compact semi-algebraic subsets of \(\mathbb{R}^d\) can be derived. It is shown that the hypothesis of an Archimedean reordering can be dropped in the proof of two results on the rational multidimensional moment problem (Theorems 9 and 10). Also, an extension theorem providing a necessary and sufficient condition for a linear functional on \(\mathbb{R}[x_1,\ldots,x_d]\) to be a moment functional (Theorem 23) is deduced, which for \(d=2\) leads to an alternative proof of a known result on the complex moment problem (Theorem 24). As a third application of the general fibre theorem, a very short proof of a basic result on the two-sided complex moment problem (Theorem 25) is presented.