Rational surfaces with finitely generated Cox rings and very high Picard numbers (Q523104)

In the present paper, the authors construct a new family of smooth rational surfaces whose Cox rings are finitely generated. Recall that the Cox ring of a projective variety \(Y\) over an algebraically closed field is defined as \[ \text{Cox}(Y) = \bigoplus_{(n_{1},\dots, n_{r}) \in \mathbb{Z}^{r}} H^{0}(Y, \mathcal{O}_{Y}(L_{1}^{n_{1}} \otimes\dots \otimes L_{r}^{n_{r}}), \] where \((L_{1},\dots, L_{r})\) is a basis of the \(\mathbb{Z}\)-module \(\text{Pic}(Y)\) of classes of invertible sheaves on \(Y\) modulo isomorphism under the tensor product, and we have assumed that the linear and numerical equivalence of the group of Cartier divisors on \(Y\) are the same. Now we briefly present their construction. Let \(\Sigma_{n}\) be the \(n\)-th Hirzebruch surface and we denote by \(C_{n}\) the unique negative curve with self-intersection \(-n\) and by \(F\) any fiber of the ruling of \(\Sigma_{n}\). Now take \(r>0\) fibers \(F_{1},\dots, F_{r}\) of the ruling \(\Sigma_{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^{1}\) , and for each \(i \in \{1, \dots, r\}\) denote by \(Q_{i}\) the unique meeting point of \(F_{i}\) with \(C_{n}\) and by \(P_{i}\) the unique meeting point of \(F_{i}\) with \(\Gamma\), where \(\Gamma\) is a smooth rational curve whose class in \(\mathrm{NS}(\Sigma_{n})\) is \(\mathfrak{C}_{N} + (n+2)\mathfrak{F}\). Here we mean by \(\mathfrak{C}_{n}\) the element of \(\mathrm{NS}(\Sigma_{n})\) associated to \(C_{n}\) and by \(\mathfrak{F}\) the element of \(\mathrm{NS}(\Sigma_{n})\) associated to \(F\). We assume now that \(P_{i}\) and \(Q_{i}\) are not equal for any \(i \in \{1,\dots, r\}\). Consider the blowing up \(Z_{n}^{r}\) of \(\Sigma_{n}\) at the zero-dimensional subscheme \(\mathcal{P} = \sum_{i=1}^{r} \{P_{i},Q_{i}\}\). The authors claim the following result. Theorem. If \(n\) and \(r\) are such that the integer \(n^{2}+2(2-r)n+2\) is positive, then the Cox ring of \(Z_{n}^{r}\) is finitely generated.