On the generators of the canonical module of a Hibi ring: a criterion of level property and the degrees of generators (Q524477)

Let \(H\) be a finite distributive lattice. Let \(P\) be the set of join-irreducible elements in \(H\). Let \(\{T_x\}_{x \in P}\) be a family of indeterminates indexed by \(P\) and \(K\) be a field. Then \(\mathcal{R}_{K}(H) = K[\prod_{x \leq \alpha} T_x | \alpha \in H]\) is called a Hibi ring over \(K\) on \(H\). A characterization for a Hibi ring to be level is given as follows. Theorem. \(\mathcal{R}_{K}(H)\) is level if and only if \(r(y_1, x_1, \ldots, y_t, x_t) \leq r\) for any sequence of elements in \(P\) with condition \(N\), i.e., \(r_{\max} = r\). The following result is proved. Theorem. Let \(d\) be an integer with \(r \leq d \leq r_{\max}\). Then there exists a generator of the canonical module \(\mathcal{R}_{K}(H)\) with degree \(d\). A combinatorial criterion that a Hibi ring is of type 2 is given. Theorem. \(\mathcal{R}_{K}(H)\) is level if and only if there exists \(z \in P\) with the following conditions. (1) \(\mathrm{rank}[x_0, z] + \mathrm{rank}[z, \infty] = r - 1\). (2) \(P^+ \setminus\{z\}\) is pure of rank \(r\). (3) \([x_0, z]\) and \([z, \infty]\) are pure. A necessary and sufficient condition that a Hibi ring is not level and has type 2 is proved.