R-Trees and Normalization of Pseudogroups (Q5285857)

The paper provides a comprehensive survey of the theory of pseudogroups of partial isometries of \(\mathbb{R}\)-trees, especially the structure of presentation, fundamental groups, orbit spaces geometry, Nielsen reducibility, ergodic theory, and computer experiments. We can state only few basic definitions and the simplest result here. An \(\mathbb{R}\)-tree \(Z\) is a path-connected metrical one-complex such that every arc is isometric with an interval of \(\mathbb{R}\). A pseudogroup presentation \(\Gamma\) defined on \(Z\) is a set of isometries \(\gamma: I \to J\), where \(I,J \subset Z\) are connected subsets. Then \(Z\) decomposes into the set of orbits with respect to the actions of \(\Gamma\), the collection of orbits is called the pseudogroup generated by \(\Gamma\). The reduced fundamental group \(\overline{\pi}_ 1(\Gamma) = F(\Gamma)/N\) is defined, where \(F(\Gamma)\) is the free group generated by \(\Gamma\), and \(N \subset F(\Gamma)\) is the normal subgroup of all cycles \(\alpha\) (i.e., \(\alpha(p) = p\) for a certain \(p \in Z\)). Theorem: If \(\Gamma\) is finite, \(F(\Gamma)\) does not contain any reflection, and \(\overline{\pi}_ 1(\Gamma)\) is a free group, then there exists a finite presentation with independent generators of the pseudogroup.