Dynamics and asymptotic profiles of steady states of an epidemic model in advective environments (Q529141)

There are considered the problem with unknown functions \(\bar{S}(x,t)\) and \(\bar{I}(x,t)\) \[ {\bar S}_t = d_s {\bar S}_{xx} - q\,{\bar S}_x - \beta(x)\frac {{\bar S}{\bar I}}{{\bar S}+{\bar I}}+ \gamma(x){\bar I}, \;0 < x < L, \;t > 0, \] \[ {\bar I }_t = d_l {\bar I}_{xx} - q{\bar I}_x + \beta(x)\frac {{\bar S}{\bar I}}{{\bar S}+{\bar I}}- \gamma(x){\bar I}, \;0 < x < L, \;t > 0, \eqno(1) \] \[ d_s {\bar S}_x - q{\bar S} = d_l {\bar I} - q{\bar I} = 0, \;x=0,\, L, \;t > 0, \] \[ {\bar S}(x,0) = {\bar S}_0(x) \geq 0, \;{\bar I}(x,0) = {\bar I}_0(x) \geq 0, \;0 < x < L, \] with the condition \[ \int_0^L[{\bar S}(x,t)+{\bar I}(x,t)]\,dx = N, \;t \geq 0,\eqno(2) \] where \(q \geq 0,\) the constants \(d_s, \;d_l\), \ and the functions \(\beta(x), \;\gamma(x)\), \( x \in [0,\,L]\), are positive, \[ N:=\int_0^L[{\bar S}_0(x)+{\bar I}_0(x)]\,dx, \;N > 0, \] and corresponding to (1), (2) the stationary problem for the ordinary differential equations with unknown functions \(S(x)\) and \(I(x)\) \[ d_s S_{xx} - qS_x - \beta(x)\frac {SI}{S+I}+ \gamma(x)I = 0, \;0 < x < L, \] \[ d_l I_{xx} - qI_x + \beta(x)\frac {SI}{S+I}- \gamma(x)I,\;0 < x < L, \eqno(3) \] \[ d_s S_x - qS = d_l I - qI = 0, \;x=0,\, L \] with the condition \[ \int_0^L[{ S}(x)+{I}(x)]\,dx = N.\eqno(4) \] Let the solution of the problem (3), (4) be a disease free equilibrium (DFE), if \(I(x) = 0\) in \((0,L)\) and an endemic equilibrium (EE), if \(I(x) > 0\) for some \((0,L)\). The authors prove that in dependence on the coefficients \( d_l, \;d_s, \;q\), \ and the functions \(\beta(x), \;\gamma(x)\) of the problems (1), (2) and (3), (4) the DFE and EE are globally asymptotically stable among the solutions of (1), (2); EE exists; the estimates of the solution EE are derived. The obtained results can be also applied in the medicine.