On small solutions to quadratic congruences (Q531845)

For positive integers \(M,N,q\) and an arbitrary integer \(c\) let \[ A(M,N;q,c)=\#\{1\leq m\leq M,1\leq n\leq N: m^2-n^2\equiv c(\bmod q)\}, \] \[ A_0(q,c)=A(q,q;q,c), \] \[ \Delta(M,N;q,c)=\left|A(M,N;q,c)-\frac{MN}{q^2}A_0(q,c)\right|. \] The author proves that for any odd \(q\geq 1\) and \(M,N\leq q\) \[ \sum_{c=1}^q\Delta(M,N;q,c)^2\leq (M+N)^2q^{o(1)}. \]