Divisorial cohomology vanishing on toric varieties (Q532784)

The author focuses on vanishing theorems for Weil divisors \(D\) on toric varieties \(X\). More precisely, on the vanishing of \(H^i(X,\mathcal{O}(D))\) for any such variety \(X\) and of \(H^i_x(X,\mathcal{O}(D))\) if \(X\) is moreover affine and \(x\) its torus fixed point. The latter gives a well-known criterion for \(\mathcal{O}(D)\) to be a maximal Cohen-Macaulay module. The main results for \(H^i(X,\mathcal{O}(D))\) are an arithmetic improvement of the toric Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing theorem. An additional vanishing theorem for certain divisors \(D\) whose negative \(-D\) lies on a face of \(\text{nef}(X)\) and is of Iitaka dimension less than the dimension of \(X\). This vanishing theorem is made more explicit for projective toric surfaces. The author shows, that for divisors whose higher cohomology vanishes, there are only finitely many which are not covered by these results. By investigating the local cohomology \(H^i_x(X,\mathcal{O}(D))\), the following theorem on maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules is obtained. Let \(X\) be an affine toric variety, given by a cone \(\sigma\) with simplicial facets. If \(R^i \pi_\ast(\mathcal{O}_{\tilde X}(\pi^\ast D) = 0\) for any regular triangulation \(\pi: \tilde X \to X\), then \(\mathcal{O}_X(D)\) is maximal Cohen-Macaulay. The converse statement is shown to be true for \(X\) of dimension three. For proving the statements, the author uses mainly combinatorial methods, especially the so-called circuit geometry of the fan of the toric variety. This is about the integral relations among the rays of the fan and hyperplane arrangements associated to these. The author gives several examples illustrating the main theorems.