Subgroup normality degrees of finite groups. I. (Q535138)

Let \(H\) be a subgroup of finite group \(G\). As a measure of partial normality, the authors define \(P_N(H,G)\) by \(|H||G|P_N(H,G)=|\{(h,g)\in H\times G\mid h^g\in H\}|\). The authors prove a number of results which include the following. If \(H\) is not normal in \(G\), then: (i) \(P_N(H,G)\leq\frac{3}{4}\) always holds; and (ii) \(P_N(H,G)\leq\frac{8}{15}\) if \(G\) is a nonabelian simple group (this bound can be reduced to \(\frac{11}{21}\) if \(G\ncong A_5\)).