On the lower central series quotients of a graded associative algebra. (Q536180)

Let \(A\) be an associative algebra over the complex numbers, and assume \(B\) and \(C\) two vector subspaces of \(A\). Denote \([B,C]\) the span of all commutators \([b,c]\), where \(b\in B\), \(c\in C\). The lower central series of \(A\) is defined as \(L_1(A)=A\), \(L_{i+1}(A)=[A,L_i(A)]\), \(i\geq 1\). Set \(B_i(A)=L_i(A)/L_{i+1}(A)\), \(i\geq 1\). The Abelianization of \(A\) is denoted by \(A_{ab}=A/(A[A,A]A)\). Let further \(A_n\) be the free associative algebra in \(n\) free generators and let \(P\) be a homogeneous relation of degree \(d\) in \(A_n\). Modding out \(A_n\) by \(P\) one gets the quotient \(A=A_n/\langle P\rangle\) where \(\langle P\rangle\) is the ideal generated by \(P\). The grading on \(A_n\) induces one on \(A\). Now take \(P=x_1^d+x_2^d\). The authors describe the graded vector spaces \(B_2(A_n/\langle P\rangle)\) for \(n=2\), 3. They give homogeneous bases for these vector spaces, and compute the corresponding Hilbert (or Poincaré) series. Furthermore they show that the above vector spaces are isomorphic to quotients of Kähler differentials of nonsmooth varieties for \(A_{ab}\). Moreover they show that for \(n=2\) and 3, the behaviour of \(P=x_1^d+x_2^d\) is generic, and suggest a conjecture for \(n=4\).