\(F\)-signature of graded Gorenstein rings (Q538067)

Let \(R\) be a reduced ring of positive characteristic \(p\), \(p\) prime. For \(e\geq 0\), \(R^{(e)}\) denotes \(R\) regarded as an \(R\)-algebra via \(F^e:R\to R\), \(F^e(r)=r^{p^e}\), for all \(r\in R\). Whenever \(R\) is \(\mathbb N\)-graded, \(F\)-finite and Gorenstein, an upper bound for the \(F\)-signature of \(R\) in terms of the \(a\)-invariant, the Poincaré series, and the dimension of the ring is established. The inequality is shown to be an equality in dimension \(2\), when \(R\) is regular or a rational double point. The equality does not hold for regular rings of dimension greater or equal to \(3\). In addition, under the additional hypothesis that \(R\) is an isolated singularity and \(R_0\) is a perfect field, then \(R^{(e)}\) has only one free direct summand for each \(e\geq 0\) if and only if \(R\) is \(F\)-pure and \(a(R)=0\). A version of this result is given in the local case as well.