Homogeneity and prime models in torsion-free hyperbolic groups. (Q542449)

The author proves that finitely generated free groups are homogeneous: any two tuples of elements with the same type are conjugate by an automorphism of the ambient free group. A version of homogeneity is also proved for existential types: it leads to a similar result for tuples having the same existential type, unless that existential type is that of a tuple of powers of the same primitive element. Everything is done over parameters; the proofs handle the parameter-free case first, and then the general case from the parameter-free case. The proofs in this paper are mostly combinatorial, and the set of theorems proved here intersects those obtained independently by \textit{C. Perin} and \textit{R. Sklinos}, by different methods more reminiscent from geometric group theory, [in ``Homogeneity in the free group,'' \url{arXiv:1003.4095v1}]. Finally, the author shows that two-generated torsion-free hyperbolic groups which are not free are strongly co-Hopfian, \(\exists\)-homogeneous, and prime (and also not quasi-axiomatizable, answering a question of A. Nies). The paper concludes with further related remarks, showing in particular that non-cyclic torsion-free hyperbolic groups are connected, i.e., with no proper definable subgroup of finite index.