Weighted Koppelman formulas and the \(\bar\partial\)-equation on an analytic space (Q544022)

After [``Koppelman formulas and the \(\overline\partial\)-equation on an analytic space'', \url{arXiv: 0801.0710}] and [``A Dolbeault-Grothendieck lemma on complex spaces via Koppelman formulas'', \url{arXiv: 1010.6142}] this is the third paper in a series in which the authors develop a theory of weighted Koppelman formulas (with applications) on singular analytic spaces. These formulas are used to treat many aspects of the \(\overline{\partial}\)-equation on such spaces, like, e.g., local solvability and regularity, resolutions of the structure sheaf, extension of holomorphic functions and \(\overline{\partial}\)-closed forms, global solvability. Already in [loc. cit., \url{arXiv: 0801.0710}] (an earlier version of the present paper) the authors constructed their weighted Koppelman formulas on analytic spaces (Theorem 1.1). The present paper contains a short but instructive summary of the construction of these formulas as it is given by now also in [loc. cit., \url{arXiv: 1010.6142}]. Such formulas were long searched for after the initial work of \textit{G. M. Henkin} and \textit{P. L. Polyakov} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 308, No. 13, 405--409 (1989 Zbl 0673.32009)] and have some direct nice applications concerning regularity of the \(\overline{\partial}\)-equation at singularities (Theorems 1.2 and 1.3) and extension of holomorphic functions (Theorem 1.4). These applications are basically well known but the present paper adds some new aspects and especially explicit representation of extensions. The integral kernels appearing in the Koppelman formulas are based on the theory of integral representations developed by the first author [Math. Ann. 326, No. 1, 1--18 (2003; Zbl 1024.32005); Math. Z. 254, No. 2, 315--332 (2006; Zbl 1104.32002)]. The kernels are locally integrable on the regular part of the variety and are principal values at the singularities. So, the integral operators map smooth forms to forms with some poles at the singularities of the variety. To get a hand on this, the authors introduced in [loc. cit., \url{arXiv: 1010.6142}] the sheaf \(\mathcal{A}\) as the smallest sheaf that is closed under multiplication with smooth forms and the action of any of such integral operators appearing in the Koppelman formulas with different holomorphic weights. The graded module \(\mathcal{A}\) provides a fine resolution of the structure sheaf of the variety (local exactness is proved by the Koppelman formulas). In the present paper, the authors show that forms in \(\mathcal{A}\) are a natural substitute for smooth forms if we go from manifolds to singular spaces. These forms do not only provide a resolution of the structure sheaf, but come with the analoga of extension properties of smooth forms on manifolds (Theorem 1.5, Theorem 1.7) and the analoga of solvability results for the \(\overline{\partial}\)-equation (see Corollary 1.6 and Theorem 1.7). The weighted Koppelman formulas preserve also another interesting kind of forms, the so-called pseudomeromorphic currents which were also introduced by the authors in [loc. cit., \url{arXiv: 1010.6142}]. Using their weighted formulas, the authors prove that such forms represent naturally cohomology classes of the structure sheaf of Cohen-Macaulay spaces if they are closed (Theorem 1.8). This is a nice substitute for the interesting open question whether the pseudomeromorphic currents can provide a resolution for the structure sheaf as does \(\mathcal{A}\). The residue currents appearing in the Koppelman formulas at the singularities of the varieties can be described by the so-called structure form introduced by the authors. It is a key point that these structure forms are semi-meromorphic, a very nice property in view of the standard extension property SEP. If the variety is Cohen-Macaulay, the structure sheaf is just a holomorphic \((n,0)\)-form and this has nice applications (see Theorem 1.8 or the examples in Chapter 6). The understanding of the structure form seems to be a key element in the description of the sheaf \(\mathcal{A}\) (which is not very explicit by now) and the understanding of the behavior of the \(\overline{\partial}\)-equation at singularities. It is a very interesting analytic object decoding the algebraic properties of the variety. Here, Andersson and Samuelsson have introduced a very interesting concept.