Sampling theorem for bandlimited Hardy space functions generated by Regge problem (Q544049)

A sampling theorem is established for a certain subspace of the Hardy space \(H^2_+\) of functions \(F\) analytic in the upper half plane such that \(\sup_{y>0} \int_{-\infty}^\infty |F(t+iy)|^2 \, dt<\infty\). The authors define a space \(\mathcal{H}\) of vector functions \(U=(u_0 (r),u_1(r))\) with norm \(\|U\|_{\mathcal{H}}^2 = \frac{1}{2}\int_0^\infty \bigl(|u_0'(r)|^2+\tilde{\rho}(r)|u_1(r)|^2 \bigr) \, dr \) and respective {\textit{outgoing}} and {\textit{incoming}} spaces \(\mathcal{D}_+\) and \(\mathcal{D}_-\) defined by initial data \((u_0,u_1)\) for solutions of the wave equation \(u_{tt} (t,r)-(\tilde{\rho})^{-1} u_{rr} (t,r)=0\) on \((0,\infty)\) satisfying \(u(t,0)=0\), \(u(0,r)=u_0(r)\) and \(u_t(0,r)=u_1(r)\), vanishing on \(r-t\leq a\) and \(r+t\leq a\) respectively. Here \(\tilde{\rho} \) is an extension to \((0,\infty)\) of a density \(\rho\) defined on \([0,a)\) by setting \(\tilde{\rho}(r)=1\) for \(r>a\). The density \(\rho\) is required to satisfy certain regularity conditions near the endpoints \(\{0,a\}\). Denote by \(\{\lambda_n\}\) the eigenvalues of the wave equation and define the Blaschke product \(S(z)=\prod_{n=-\infty}^\infty \overline{\lambda}_n (z-\lambda_n)/(\lambda_n (z-\overline{\lambda}_n))\). Let \(\mathcal{K}=\mathcal{H}\ominus[\mathcal{D}_+\oplus \mathcal{D}_-]\). Denote by \(F(\lambda,r)\) a solution \(y\) of \(y''(r)=-\lambda^2\rho(r) y(r)\) on \([0,\infty)\) satisfying \(y(0)=0\) and \(y(r)= e^{i\lambda (a-r)}\) for \(a\leq r\). The main result states that if \(g=(g_0,g_1)\in \mathcal{K}\) then \(G(\lambda)=\langle F(\lambda,\cdot),\, g\rangle_{\mathcal{H}}/\sqrt{2\pi}\) belongs to the space \(K=H^2_+\oplus S(\lambda) H^2_+\) and can be reconstructed from its values at the points \(\{\lambda_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}\) by means of the interpolation \[ G(\lambda) =\sum_{n=-\infty}^\infty G(\lambda_n) \frac{P(\lambda)}{(\lambda-\lambda_n) P' (\lambda_n)} \] where \[ P(\lambda) =\frac{1}{2} \Bigl(\frac{1}{i\lambda}\Bigl[\frac{d}{dx} \Psi_- (\lambda,x)\Bigr|_{x=a}\Bigr] +\Psi_- (\lambda,a)\Bigr)\,. \] Here \(\Psi_-(\lambda , x) = F(\lambda,x) -F(-\lambda,x) M(\lambda)/M(-\lambda)\) where \(M(\lambda)=\lim_{r\to 0} F(\lambda,r)\). The space \(K\) can be viewed as the transformational image of a space of functions that are supported in an interval just as the Paley-Wiener spaces are images of functions supported in a fixed interval under the Fourier transform. In this sense, \(K\) is a space of bandlimited functions.