On the geometry of algebraic groups and homogeneous spaces (Q549988)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field. For \(G\) a connected algebraic group over \(k\) one has the notion of the Chow ring \(\text{A}^{\ast}(G) \) and the Picard group \(\text{Pic}\left( G\right)\). While much work has been done to compute \(\text{A}^{\ast}(G)\) and \(\text{Pic}(G)\) in the case where \(G\) is a a linear group, there is still much to be done in the more general case. In the work under review, the author computes these two objects in terms of the Albanese variety and the flag variety of \(G\). Given \(G\), fix a Borel subgroup \(B\). Then one has a subgroup \(G_{\text{aff}}\) which is the largest affine subgroup of \(G\), and \(G_{\text{ant}}\) which it the largest anti-affine subgroup, i.e., the largest subgroup with \(\mathcal{O} \left( G_{\text{ant}}\right) =k\). Let \(X\left( G_{\text{aff}}\right) \) be the character group of \(G_{\text{aff}}\). The quotient \(G/G_{\text{aff}}\) is the Albanese variety, denoted by \(\text{Alb}\left( G\right)\). Let \(A=\text{Alb}\left( G\right) \) and let \(\mathcal{B}=G_{\text{aff}}/B\) be the flag variety of \(G_{\text{aff}}\). Then \(\text{A}^{\ast}\left( G\right) \cong\left( \text{A}^{\ast }\left( A\right) \otimes\text{A}^{\ast}\left( \mathcal{B}\right) \right) /I\) as graded rings, where \(I\) is the image of the map \(X\left( B\right) \rightarrow\text{Pic}\left( A\right) \times\text{Pic}\left( \mathcal{B}\right) \) given by characteristic homomorphisms \(X\left( B\right) \rightarrow \text{Pic}\left( A\right) \) and \(X\left( B\right) \rightarrow\text{Pic}\left( \mathcal{B}\right)\), respectively. The rational Chow ring is shown to be isomorphic to \(\text{A}^{\ast}(A) _{\mathbb{Q}}/J_{\mathbb{Q}},\) where \(J\subset\text{A}^{\ast}\left( A\right)\) is generated as an ideal by Chern classes of \(G_{\text{aff}}\)-homogeneous line bundles. As an application, the author computes the Néron-Severi group \(\text{NS}\left( G\right) \) of divisors modulo algebraically trivial divisor, i.e. \(\text{Pic}\left( G\right) / \text{Pic}^{0}\left( G\right)\). It is shown that \(\text{NS}\left( G\right) \cong \text{NS}\left( A\right) \times\text{Pic}\left( G_{\text{aff}}\right)\); furthermore, \(\text{NS}\left( G\right) _{\mathbb{Q}}\cong\text{NS}\left( A\right) _{\mathbb{Q}}\). This leads to a presentation for \(\text{Pic}\left( G\right)\). Now suppose \(X\) is a homogeneous variety acting on \(G\). Let \(H=G_{x}\) for some point \(x\in X\). Then \(X\) is identified with the homogeneous space \(G/H\) and one can study its Chow ring and Picard group. In this paper, the rational versions of these two objects are computed.